T Cells Immunology in the Immunological Diseases

Immunological diseases, with the morbidity keeping increased, have become a major threat to human mental and physical health. However, the pathogenesis of these diseases is extremely complicated and remains unclear. Recent advances in biology have introduced new technologies to study the underlying mechanisms that contribute to the development of immunotherapy of immunological diseases. This special issue includes original research articles and review articles that do research on T cells immunology in the immunological diseases. In the brief review " The pathology of T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus " by A. Mak and N. Y. Kow, the authors discuss a detailed account of the putative mechanisms by which the normal physiology of T cells are disturbed and why do the regulatory T cells fail to alleviate proinflammatory response in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and introduce the current state of clinical trials evaluating therapeutic agents which target molecules expressing on and inside T cells for the treatment of SLE. In the review " The role of the í µí»¾í µí»¿ T cell in allergic diseases " by R. Zheng and Q. Yang, í µí»¾í µí»¿ T cells have been considered to bridge the innate and adaptive immunity. í µí»¾í µí»¿ T cells may play crucial roles in the development and perpetuation of allergic inflammation as effector and immunoregulatory cells. This review focuses on the latest knowledge on characteristics and roles of í µí»¾í µí»¿ T cells in allergic diseases. The review " Improving cytomegalovirus-specific T cell reconstitution after haploidentical stem cell transplantation " by X. Luo et al. summarizes the kinetics of cytomegalovirus-(CMV-) specific T cell recovery and its association with CMV infection after haploidentical stem cell transplantation and discusses the strategies to improve CMV-specific immune reconstitution. In the research " Alternative expression pattern of MALT1-A20-NF-í µí¼…B in patients with rheumatoid arthritis " by X. Wang et al., rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common, chronic, sys-temic, and inflammatory autoimmune disorder and abnormal T cell immunity plays a critical role in the development of RA. Recently, a negative regulator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-í µí¼…B), A20, was identified as a key regulator for T cell activation and inflammatory signaling and may be involved in RA pathogenesis. This study analyzed the expression level of A20, NF-í µí¼…B, and the A20 regulatory factor mucosa-associated-lymphoid-tissue lymphoma-translocation gene 1 (MALT1) in patients with RA. The authors characterized the alternative expression pattern of MALT1, A20, and …